English Language🎓 baccalaureate goal

Unit 2 — Safety First Language form

Lexis: adverts, holidays and opposites related to consumption and safety

🔊 The teacher reads for you

Advertisers and slogans, price tags and quality labels, a fortnight's holiday and a youth hostel, burns and falls: the unit « Safety First » speaks the language of shops, adverts and travel agencies. To read its texts — and to write your own advert — you need these words, and a few ways to build more from them. Which words do you need to talk about adverts, holidays and safe consumption?

🎓في نهاية هذا الدرس ستكون قادرا على:

استعمال مفردات الإشهار ⁦(advertiser · slogan · target audience · endorsement)⁩
استعمال مفردات العطل والسياحة ⁦(a fortnight's holiday · accommodation · facilities)⁩
استعمال الأضداد المتعلّقة بالاستهلاك والسلامة ⁦(cheap ≠ expensive · healthy ≠ unhealthy)⁩
تكوين أسماء من الأفعال بـ ⁦-er · -tion · -ing · -ment⁩، وصفات من الأسماء بـ ⁦-y⁩

🔑يفترض هذا الدرس أنّك تتقن:

أقسام الكلام: الفعل والاسم والصفة ⁦(verb · noun · adjective)⁩
مضاعفة الحرف الساكن الأخير عند إضافة لاحقة ⁦(big → bigger)⁩
كلمات أساسيّة: ⁦buy · sell · price · product⁩

1. Words for adverts

مفردات الإشهار : الإعلان والمعلِن والشعار والجمهور المستهدف، وما يفعله الإشهار بالمستهلك.

Adverts — the words of the unit

an advert · an advertisement · an adan advertiseradvertisinga slogana catchy sloganthe target audiencethe endorsement of a producta brandto promoteto sponsorto manipulateto catch your eyeto create a needa booming businessto be bombarded by advertisements

Adverts — the words at work

It's a booming business, and I might've made a lot of money in it. The great majority of people are daily bombarded by advertisements. What advertising does is to catch your eye. Advertising sponsors social events like sports competitions and car races. What is the target audience of the advert? What is its slogan? Is it a catchy one? Why do you think she has been selected for the endorsement of the product?

Task 1 — Add the suffixes -er, -tion, -ing or -ment to the verbs below to form as many nouns as you can. Some verbs can take more than one suffix.

consume · advertise · produce · promote · compete · react · oppose · introduce · reject · treat · manage · farm · pay · commercialize

Task 1 — the nouns

الأسماء المشتقّة من الأفعال : الشخص الذي يفعل ⁦(-er)⁩، والفعل نفسه ⁦(-tion · -ing · -ment)⁩.

Verb	Nouns
consume	consumer · consumption
advertise	advertiser · advertising · advertisement
produce	producer · production
promote	promoter · promotion
compete	competition
react	reaction
oppose	opposition
introduce	introduction
reject	rejection
treat	treatment
manage	manager · management
farm	farmer · farming
pay	payment
commercialize	commercialization

-er names the person who does the action (a consumer, a farmer); -tion, -ing and -ment name the action itself (consumption, advertising, payment). Watch the spelling: consume → consumption, produce → production, compete → competition.

Task 2 — Fill in the blanks with nouns you have formed in Task 1.

……(1) still hesitate to buy genetically modified food because the ……(2) of this type of food might be harmful to their health. Many agri-business companies have tried to promote their ……(3) by placing ……(4) in newspapers and on TV. However, their ……(5) campaigns have not worked well so far because GMFs have bad publicity. This public ……(6) of GMFs is largely a ……(7) to the appearance of mad cow disease.

Task 2 — the answers

الإجابات : اسم مناسب للسياق في كلّ فراغ.

(1) Consumers · (2) consumption · (3) production · (4) advertisements · (5) advertising — or promotion · (6) rejection · (7) reaction

Read the words around each blank: after « the » and before « of », a noun of action (consumption); after « their » and before « campaigns », a noun used like an adjective (advertising campaigns).

2. Words for holidays

مفردات العطل : مدّة العطلة، والأنشطة، والإقامة، والمرافق.

Holidays — the words of the unit

a holiday makera travel agencya fortnight's holidayan adventure holidayfair pricesa wide range of activitiescanoeingrock climbingwind-surfingsailinghikinga camping expeditionto pitch a tenta day offa residential centrefacilitiesa swimming poola games roomaccommodationa double rooma youth hostel

Holidays — the words at work

A fortnight's holiday with us will be an experience you'll never forget. Every day you'll be able to choose from a wide range of thrilling activities. Whenever you like you can choose to take a 'day off' and enjoy a relaxing game at some of the remarkable facilities at the residential centre. Accommodation consists of comfortable double rooms. Adapted from Hugh Cory, Advanced Writing, Oxford, p. 94

Task 3 — Which word of the list matches each definition? A. two weeks · B. a place to stay · C. the equipment and services that a place offers · D. a cheap place to stay, for young travellers · E. a person on holiday

أيّ كلمة من القائمة توافق كلّ تعريف؟

A. a fortnight — « a fortnight's holiday »
B. accommodation
C. facilities — a swimming pool, a sauna, a games room …
D. a youth hostel
E. a holiday maker

3. Consumption and safety — opposites and new adjectives

الاستهلاك والسلامة : أضداد تُحفظ أزواجا، وصفات تُبنى من الأسماء باللاحقة ⁦-y⁩.

Many words of consumption go in pairs of opposites: learn them together — cheap and expensive, saving and spending. Some opposites are made with the prefix un-: healthy → unhealthy, safe → unsafe. We can also add the suffix -y to many nouns to form adjectives: sugar → sugary, salt → salty. Here the suffix -y means « full of » or « having the quality of »: sugary means full of sugar. When a noun ends with consonant + vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant if the syllable is stressed: fat → fatty.

Opposites — consumption and safety

cheap ≠ expensivea shopper ≠ a sellersaving ≠ spendinghigh quality ≠ poor qualitya high budget ≠ a low budgetto purchase ≠ to sellhealthy ≠ unhealthysafe ≠ unsafe

Task 4 — Choose the most appropriate words in brackets to make the text meaningful.

Life is becoming increasingly (cheap / expensive). So when (shoppers / sellers) do their shopping they are more likely to look at the (price tags / quality labels) of the products than anything else. (Saving / Spending) even a little money by buying (high / poor) quality goods helps people with a (high / low) budget to pay utility (bills / charges) and the (rent / lease) for the flat at the end of the month. These (savings / spendings) also help to (purchase / sell) mobile phones for the loved ones.

Task 4 — the text, completed

النصّ مكتملا : اختر الكلمة التي يطلبها المعنى.

Life is becoming increasingly expensive. So when shoppers do their shopping they are more likely to look at the price tags of the products than anything else. Saving even a little money by buying poor quality goods helps people with a low budget to pay utility bills and the rent for the flat at the end of the month. These savings also help to purchase mobile phones for the loved ones.

Task 5 — There are six nouns in text A and six in text B that must be turned into adjectives ending in -y. Rewrite the two texts with the adjectives.

A. Salty, spice and pepper foods are both savour and taste. Be careful, eating too much of these foods may cause you trick health problems in the long term. So don't be greed. B. People are well aware that it is not ease to have a speed recovery from food poisoning. And yet, they continue to eat in dirt, dust and stuff fast food restaurants with slime floors and counters.

Task 5 — the texts, rewritten

النصّان بعد تحويل الأسماء إلى صفات بـ ⁦-y⁩.

A. Salty, spicy and peppery foods are both savoury and tasty. Be careful, eating too much of these foods may cause you tricky health problems in the long term. So don't be greedy. B. People are well aware that it is not easy to have a speedy recovery from food poisoning. And yet, they continue to eat in dirty, dusty and stuffy fast food restaurants with slimy floors and counters.

Watch the spelling: a final -e disappears before -y (spice → spicy, taste → tasty, ease → easy, slime → slimy).

Safety at home and on food labels

firesexplosionsfallsburnselectric shockpoisoningto avert an accidentingredientsadditivescolouringsflavouringspreservativesenergy contentnutritional value

Do this alone, in writing. Write a five-sentence advert for a holiday in your region. Use at least two words for holidays, two words for adverts, and one pair of opposites. Then underline them, and check the form of each one: noun, verb or adjective?

اكتب وحدك إعلانا من خمس جمل عن عطلة في منطقتك، فيه كلمتان من مفردات العطل، وكلمتان من مفردات الإشهار، وزوج من الأضداد.

A model answer

Our new slogan says it all: « Your region, your holiday! » Enjoy a fortnight's holiday at fair prices — cheap, not expensive. Our residential centre offers a wide range of activities: hiking, canoeing and rock climbing. Accommodation is in comfortable double rooms, with healthy meals. Our target audience? Families, students — and you!

In the exam, vocabulary is tested in the text exploration: you find in the text words that match definitions, words that are opposite in meaning to given words, or you give the right form of a word in brackets. Have three things ready: ① the families of words — advertise → advertiser, advertising, advertisement; ② the opposites of the unit — cheap ≠ expensive, saving ≠ spending, healthy ≠ unhealthy; ③ the suffixes — -er, -tion, -ing, -ment for nouns, -y for adjectives (fat → fatty). The frequent mistake: the right word in the wrong form — ✗ « the advertise of food » → ✓ « the advertising of food ».

What I keep — For adverts: advertiser, advertisement, slogan, target audience, endorsement, to sponsor, to catch your eye. For holidays: a fortnight's holiday, a wide range of activities, a day off, facilities, accommodation, a youth hostel. For consumption and safety, pairs of opposites — cheap ≠ expensive, saving ≠ spending, healthy ≠ unhealthy. And I build new words: -er, -tion, -ing, -ment make nouns from verbs; -y makes adjectives from nouns (fat → fatty).

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